Sagger



,Ml'h 5 1929 R. E. ANDERSON ET AL `1,704,070

. .SAGGER Filed March 4, 1927 Patented Mar. 5, 1929a sr'res ears-NT OFFICE.

RQBERT E. ANDERSON, OF MGBRSVLLE, PENNSYLVANA, AND DANIEL l?.y PORST, GF

TRENTON, NEW JERSEY, ASSGNOBS T0 ROBERTSON ART TILE COMPANY, OF MORw RSVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA, .A CR-PORATON OF NEW' J'llESEY.k

sAeGnR.

Application filed March 4, 1927. Serial No.`1727,58`9.

ln burning tiles it is necessary'to support the rame properly spaced apart so that substantially their entire surface shall be exposed tothe heated atmosphere. @auch tile supports, to all of which the generic naine ci'. sagger has been applied, have been constructed in different ways, but they are all characterized by the fact that their weight, compared with the weight ofthe tiles themselves, isconsiderable. Saggers are usually constructed of refractory material, ywhich may be either vitreous or porous, and, oi necessity, theyv are heated up with the tiles and are cooled down therewith. .inasmuch as the weight of the sagger is usually several times the combiner weight of the tiles supported thereby, it wil be appreciated that tilesburning, as ordinarily carried on, is very yaste'liul iii that a predominant part ot the heat is not usefully expended.

ln the burning of tiles by means of heat produced by electricity, which presents some substantial advantages, the necessarily increased cost oi? heal so generated renders its use almost prohibitive.

In order to make the use of electrically generated heat economically practicable, means must be provided whereby most of the heat will be expended in doing useful work. [in important and necessary factor in this economical utilization oi.E heat is a great reduction in the weight'ot the tileesupporting This is one ol the main objects of the pil yrinrention.A ne object is attained by a sagger, constructed subsslantially as hereinafter described.v whose weight may be cul: down to a ielatirely small fractional part of the weight el" the tiles supporti-id' thereby.

lhc sagger particularly adapted and intended tor use in a continuous kiln, one pre fori-ed iorin olf which is herein shown and described.

ln the drawings:

Fig. l is a perspective view of a sagger, partly assembled, embodying our invention.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation ol? two tiers ot saggers mounted on a car.

Fig. 3 is a partial cross-section through a kiln, showing the saggei's of Fig. 2 in end view.

Fig. 4l is a diagrammatic plan view of a kiln iii which our improved sagger is especially adapted for use.

The sagger shown in the drawings com the plates. To enablethis maximum number f olf tiles'to be supported, the plates are pro- 1idccl with a series of pairs of orihces, one pair above another, adapted to receive a series of pairs oiE bars or pins Lone pair above an other." Each pair of bars constitutes a shelf on which may be r4supported a plurality ol tiles a whose opposite ends overhang the bars. f ln case oi thev brealage'ot `one ot lthe rremovable bars, it may be replaced readily.` The pairs of fixed bars and the pairs oi reino-table bars are sui/)ported at such distances apart as to leave vthe desired space for circulation ot `hot air between the broad 'laces of the til The saggers should be so constructed that one may be placed on top oi, and be supported by, another. To providefior this, the'upper cdgesfo't theplates otlthe lower sagger are provided with longitudinally extending ridges f while the lower edges ol the plates o'li the upper saggia-,are provided with siiiiilar complemenrary ridges ,fr ltpreferred to pri'wide such ridfns along" liotlithe upper and lower ed?" i ol'vthe platesoleach sagoer, so that any sa `ci' may be used as a lower suppor-ling reageer or an upper supported sagger, 'lfhe sugars, however, may be arranged in ar single tier, or they may be arranged in more than two tiers.

The s iecial type of embodying our invention liiids its most useful application in connection with a continuous kiln like that shown in the figures. kiln m is provided with two tracks, arranged side by side, on which cars n are adapted to move intermittently in opposite directions. Each car is adapted tocarry a number oic saggcrs arranged in longitudinal and lateral rows and in a pluralityof tiers. Midway of the kiln the saine isprovided with lateral offsets o in which are located any suitable. electric heaters p. Thereby the hot Zone of the kiln is intermediate the ends and the cold In these figures the c tiles that have entered the liln at one end on one track abstract heat 'trein the heated tiles on the other track that Will be discharged at the same end of the kiln. y

-lthas'been found that sage/ers cons'tlueted inleceordance wv'iththese hereindescribedlare adapted to support tiles having va Weight (say) of three tinies the Weight of the sagger, instead of, as is usual, beingl edapd to supn port (say) one-third their Weight `ot" tiles, so that only about one-eighth as inuch heat is Wasted as has been wasted heretofore.

lrs construeted'in accordance with our invention are especially adapted, eboye stated, for use in electrically heeted lrilns, wherein the tiles Amay be lett exposed to the heated atmosphereand need not be protected troni contact with heated products et coinbustion. They ere also especially adapted t'or use in electrically heated kilns ot' the continuous type.` ln addition vto the advantage ot' lightweiglit, they have the advantage of be- 'ing` adapted to befpacked Vone against another both laterally and loi "t-1idinal`ly, thereby utilizing inost oi' the space VcnclosetL in the kilns.

rIhre `plates should he preferably substantially Wider than the tiles .intended to be supported between them,land the pointso'f 'junc- -ture of the plates and bars should Vbe preterably a substantial distance i'lroin the vertical edges ofthe pla-tes, so that it the operator 'teils to place la tile with its center line in precise `alignment with the longitudinsl center of the sagger, there will be no danger ot the edge of a tile carried by one sagger contacting with the edge oi' a tile v carried by a laterallyconwtiguous sagger. The tile-supporting hars should be approxi-mately round in cross-section so that the tiles will Contact therewith substantially along e single line, although thebars may be made-ot other cross-sectional contours.

lt is preferred to torni in the upper edges -ot the lower plates and in the lower edges olf the upper plates, and preferably in both the cated that when one san'o'er is mounted on A another, the recesses register and torni holes snnila'r holes e-and similarly adapted ior -the reception of removable 'barsZ-. Thereby itis insuredlthat each sagger o't'anup'per tier will be accurately positioned With relation to the corresponding sagger ol' a lower tier.

lla/linie We have stated that our improved sagger is of especial utility when used in electrically heated kilns, th'eyarealsoedepted for use/With any heating;` medium and in any type ot'kiln.

Having now `fully described our invention, what we claim Land desire to protect by Letters latent is: n

l. A sagjiger for supporting tiles to he burnt, which comprises uprightplates spaced apart, apair oifbars spaced apartand rigidly scoured to and `connecting the plates near their upper edges, apair oi bars spacedapart snel rigidly secured to and connectingthe plates near their lower-edges, `and pairs of bers removably secured to the plates between the levels oi the upper and loxver vpairs of bars. f

2. llt Sanger for supportingr `tiles to be burnt, which comprises ujright plates 'each provided with pairs oi holes, the holes ot' a. pair being on the saine level andy spaced troni caen ot-he and 'from the upright edges orf the plates, one horizontal edge ot the saeejer beine provided 'ith recesses adapted to register with recesses in the horizontal edge oit a similar sag'ger vertical relationship with the yfirst bars removably engaging; oppositeholes in the tivo plates, andbars ,vhose ends are adapted to removably engage the holes orined by registeringrecesses when one sagger is super-posed `on another.

ln 'testimony Aoi which invention, we have hereunto setour hands, :it '.lrenton, New @lersey, on this 23rd dey et February, i927.

ROBERT E. ANDERSON. DANEL l?. FORT. 

